An overview of aquifer thermal energy storage system performance studies

Abstract

Because of its huge storage capacity and natural availability, an underground aquifer made of water and sand is thought to be an
excellent option for thermal energy storage. Numerous nations have adopted and built aquifer thermal energy storage (ATES) since
it was first proposed. Researchers are very interested in the ATES's system performance. The purpose of this study is to provide a
brief overview of recent research on the economic, environmental, and thermal performance of ATES systems, particularly that
done after 2010. The definitions of the thermal performance indicators were provided. The features of the available simulation
techniques for assessing thermal performance were compiled. According to the review, the most often used indicators are the
thermal recovery ratio and the thermal interference intensity. The right thermal interference intensity should be chosen in order to
increase energy supply in a particular region at a reasonable cost. ATES systems have a payback period of less than five years and
can save between forty and ninety percent of the energy.